Enron Financial Statement Case Essay

Bookkeeping is about money related data â€capturing it, recording it, designing it, breaking down it, and revealing it to people who use it. The fiscal summaries : The last result of monetary bookkeeping is as budget summaries that are bundled with other data in a budgetary report. †¢Financial proclamations are set up toward the finish of each bookkeeping period. A period perhaps one month, one quarter, or one year. †¢Financial proclamations report synopsis sums, or sums. There are three fundamental budget reports: â€The monetary record: containing Assets and wellspring of Assets at a particular date â€The pay explanation speaking to : is the immeasurably significant fiscal summary that sums up the benefit making exercises of a business over some undefined time frame. â€The Cash stream articulation: presents an outline of the business’s sources and employments of money during the salary explanation period. Monetary Report : Money related Report Form: Financial Report must be set up as per the Standards of GAAP : sound accounting standards for setting up the fiscal reports, these principles grant elective bookkeeping techniques for certain exchanges. Moreover, bookkeepers need to decipher the guidelines as they apply GAAP in genuine circumstances. The unseen details are the main problem. The fact is that deciphering GAAP isn't straightforward. Many bookkeeping norms leave a great deal of squirm space for understanding. Concluding how to represent certain exchanges and circumstances requires prepared judgment and cautious investigation of the principles. Besides, numerous appraisals must be made. Money related Report fundamental parts: The three fundamental fiscal reports: salary proclamation, monetary record, and explanation of incomes. An announcement of changes in owners’ value (if necessary). Divulgences: fundamentally containing Footnotes: and the most significant reference is the one which distinguish the significant bookkeeping arrangements and techniques that the business utilizes and supporting any adjustment in the strategy utilized. Autonomous auditor’s report: must be finished by free (from the firm) authorized evaluator and give the business a physician's approval, or that the report is deceiving and ought not be depended upon. This negative, objecting review report is called an unfriendly conclusion.

Food Processing Technology and Methods for Cereal

Food Processing Technology and Methods for Cereal The vast majority of the standards of making breakfast oats are like all items. Trix grain is made with corn. The way toward changing over corn into the flavorful item numerous youngsters just as grown-ups will be examined in this area. The corn from the field is dried processed, filtered and cleaned to isolate the germ from the wheat, oils and garbage gathered from the field and the processing procedure. The objective of this partition is to get to the endosperm where the majority of the starch that will be utilized for creation is found. Most grains delivered are created as drops. Before chipping the corn meal are prepared and blended in with sugar, malt syrup, proteins, and salt into a lot of water to make what is called cooking alcohol. This cooking alcohol gives the Milliard response that happens during cooking and is the thing that gives the vast majority of the flavor to the chips or on account of Trix, corn puffs. This blend is stacked into a barrel shaped mechanical steam pressure cooker for around two hours at a 15-18 psig steam pressure (Smith Hui, 2004). On account of Trix the cooking procedure is finished by puffing. Puffing is done either through high temperature stoves, weapons or expulsion. The utilization of any of these three strategies is to uncover the damp grain to high temperatures where its dampness will be changed over to steam. The steam discharged by the grain grows and puffs the portion. Before putting the corn meal into any of these three strategies, the grains are delumped in knot breaking machines which fuse enormous volumes of air. The air provided through the machine assists with the cooling of the item. The cooling of the coarseness in the protuberance breaking machine assists with the underlying drying venture of the way toward preparing to eat oat. Corn meal for the most part have a dampness substance of 28-34% (Smith Hui, 2004) are dried to around 14-17% using constrained air dryers at a temperature of 250 °F (Smith Hui, 2004). When the grains have experienced this underlying drying, the grains are controlled cooled to 100 °F to forestall solidifying of the grain and to permit the grain to come back to encompassing temperature. (Smith Hui, 2004). When the grain is dried to the dampness levels wanted, the grain is tempered. Treating of the corn meal takes around 2-3hours, decreases the obscuring the item that happens during Milliard responses, and permit the coarseness to retrograde. This procedure utilizes temperature of 80o F and builds the immovability of the cooked coarseness (Smith Hui, 2004). Starting here the coarseness is prepared for chipping, destroying, or any of the techniques for puffing corn meal. General Mills uses puffing firearms to make Trix grains. The science behind the puffing weapon used by General Mills and a portion of its rivals, works by acquainting the grains with high (500-800  °Ã‚ F) temperatures. This high temperature dissipates the dampness inside the granules making a steam pressure develop (100 to 200 psi) inside the chamber. At the point when this weight is discharged the dampness endeavoring to get away from the grain, makes the endosperm extend and at the same time puff. Puffing firearms have come long ways from when they were first presented in the oat business. Today General Mills uses a persistent puffing weapon frameworks and expulsion puffing. Constant puffing weapons work a similar route as it ancestors. The constant firearm contains a pivoting chamber that is set a particular point. The chamber is warmed either by gas flares or electrically, and it is taken care of through a rotational valve. The weight in the chamber stays steady by means of the leave, therefore constantly releasing the item. The substance detonate into a canister furnished with a story opening prompting a transport line. The item is coordinated to a pivoting warming chamber to dry, and afterward cooled. Now the item is outwardly reviewed for tenacity and shading and sent to the bundling line. Direct development or expulsion puffing is the other technique utilized by numerous oat makers. This kind of innovation was gladly welcomed by the oat business since it permits the blend of the means in the process into one. Grains fixings are brought in one group into long barrels furnished with single or twin screws. The screws blend, shear, and pressurize the barrel and transport the â€Å"dough† to a shaping pass on. As the blend courses through the extruder, nutrients, flavors and hues are presented and afterward the blend exits through the kick the bucket. A similar guideline of the puffing weapon is applied to extruders. As the dampness fume grows and the abundance pressure is discharged, the volume of the blend increments. The temperature in the barrel builds the blend to about 300o-350 o F and the strain to around 350-500 psi at the bite the dust head. As the batter exits through the openings of the pass on, it is cut off in to the various shapes and the cuts extend right away. Notwithstanding this speedy extension, the pieces despite everything keep up dampness substance of about 27% and are additionally dried on vibrating screens in tourist puffing stoves where the last cooking of the item happens (Smith Hui, 2004). Pieces are examined and sent to the bundling line. Despite the fact that expelled and firearm puffed blends items are improved and sustained during the cooking procedure, the puffs get a last splash of nutrients, sugar and flavors inside pivoting shower drums. Both last splashes help with the decrease of lipid oxidatio n and dampness which improve the general nature of the item as it identifies with its surface and firmness. One part of creating grain is its quality. The grain business utilizes numerous strategies to survey the nature of its item during the creation procedure. The greatest issue for a decent grain item is dampness. Dampness is estimated through close to infrared examination (NIR), wet science, and picture investigation. During the procedure the item the crude material is examined for dampness to guarantee it very well may be chipped, destroyed, molded, kept up for control of broiler temperatures, and to control the sugar content applied to the item. This kind of testing should likewise be possible to the last item where the fat, sugar, and dampness are dissected to guarantee the activity is working at ideal conditions. These test is fundamental because of any inadmissible dampness substance could prompt poor item quality as well as could be expected microscopic organisms development. At present, grain ventures are performing next to zero expository testing, and are depending on the merchants to give them best degree of item for their market. This can introduce an issue underway procedure. Regardless of the way that the oat business does almost no logical testing, the majority of the dampness content testing is proceeded as the item leaves the broiler utilizing a 16 hour vacuum stove strategy or a dampness balance technique (Unity Scientific, 2014). As indicated by Unity Scientific, â€Å"both strategies use misfortune on drying to gauge dampness content.† The primary issue with the 16 hr stove technique is the time it takes to get results, and when these are gotten they â€Å"have no effect on constant procedure control† (Unity Scientific, 2014). With regards to the dampness balance technique Unity Scientific says, in spite of the fact that the example can be â€Å"analyzed in a short time it is â€Å"2-multiple times less exact the vacumm stove m ethod.† The way to oats is the control of its dampness and surface. Dampness as referenced beforehand, is basic to keeping up a cereal’s trustworthiness, and it is urgent that the dampness of an oat item isn't more noteworthy than 3%. Anything less or more noteworthy could lessen its crunchiness just as make it fragile. In this way, NIR is probably the best strategy for testing for dampness just as fat substance in any progression of the procedure. With respect to its crunchiness the grain business utilizes mechanical just as tangible assessment techniques to guarantee the items surface. In any case, tangible assessments can be abstract. Probably the most ideal approaches to examine surface is the utilization of mechanical instruments as these give a quantitative proportion of surface. As of now instruments utilized by the oat business incorporate Stevens, Instron and Ottawa Texture Analyzer. The motivation behind these crunch assessment strategies is to discover the bowl life by presenting the item to drain for a little timeframe and afterward playing out a shear test. Different types of gear utilized are the various crunching tests and the Ottawa Cell shearing test. The last advance in the creation procedure is bundling. Distinctive hardware and movies are utilized no matter how you look at it in the oat business. A portion of the hardware utilized incorporate Ishida multi-head weighers, Bosch vertical structure fill seal machines and Triangle sack in box bundling. With regards to films, they either use wax paper or different polymer films (Smith Hui, 2014). Notwithstanding, before choosing a bundling film, grain makers consider whether the area the item will be sold is muggy or parched. In light of these conditions the film is chosen and utilized for creation. One of most regular bundling materials utilized in the grain business is polyethylene films (Smith Hui, 2014). The bundling film must shield from water fume transmission and flavor misfortune. As referenced beforehand, dampness assumes a major job all the while and any indication of dampness addition could prompt potential loss of firmness and agreeableness of the item. Another issue for grains is the unsteadiness of lipids. Lipid oxidation prompts rancidity in this way, making an awful smell in the item. To forestall lipid oxidation and dampness gain in the item, the oat business uses various cancer prevention agents. The cell reinforcements normally utilized are butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) and butylated hydrooxytoluene (BHT) (Smith Hui, 2004). In spite of the fact that their utilization is constrained in the creation procedure, these can be included before cooking. Be that as it may, after a few preliminaries, it was found that due to their non extremity and their instability these woul

The Memphis Tribune essays

The Memphis Tribune articles Bendini Lambert This firm may have set aside some cash by crushing the inside income administration, however nothing contrasted with the millions and even billions of dollars that had been washed out of Memphis. The firm was being constrained by the Morolto wrongdoing family, was one articulation made by the government authority of examinations Wayne Tarrance, who drove the case. He additionally pronounced that without the assistance of an insider, this case would have in no way, shape or form prompted a prosecution. More than one hundred captures have been made in the Chicago and Memphis territories since yesterday, when the primary prosecution was given. The Moroltos had been pulling the entirety of their illicit cash earned structure racketeering in the organizations Leer Jet, and putting it in ledgers everywhere throughout the world, from Grand Cayman Island. When the cash made it to the Cayman Islands they began spending it on organization speculations everywhere throughout the mainland United States. Along these lines the firm could transform unlawful assets into a spendable cash. DeVasher hit an arrangement with the state and is just going to get a lifelong incarceration for five tallies of homicide. Despite the fact that he was not an inhumane executioner, he made major decisions from Memphis. Nobody has ever left the firm alive except if they resigned, DeVasher asserted. After he was requested to do someone in it was his life on the line, on the off chance that he was not agreeable he would have been annihilated, expressed DeVasher. He additionally admitted to attacking the security of each firm part. In spite of the fact that he won't be accused of the killings his partners in crime are perhaps going to get capital punishment. Denton Voyles, the Director of the government authority of examination, expressed that he had been studying the firm for a long time in spite of the fact that had not gotten a genuine break until Mitchel Mickdeere joined the firm. He included, We have n ... <!

Ivy League Common App Essay Samples

Ivy League Common App Essay SamplesAny English student with a little common sense and an Ivy League common sense should be able to determine if a sample given in an essay is from an Ivy League college or not. The explanation will follow.The term 'Ivy League' was coined by the president of Harvard University, which is a private institution, not a public university, like the University of Pennsylvania, Princeton, or Yale. The term usually refers to a university that has a large, diverse, highly selective class of students.For example, a student at Oxford University would not necessarily be considered an Ivy League student. A student at any university, other than a selective private school, would not qualify for the Ivy League designation. The term is used mainly to apply to institutions that are on the top 10% of the universities in their country.An Ivy League Common App essay sample is most often a sampling of essays submitted by high school students. The student has to be taking coll ege-level courses in order to submit such a sample, since the essay would be on some kind of college-level course.Thus, any student can find such a sample using a search engine such as Google or Yahoo. Often these samples come from students who have no college credits at all, but whose opinions are worth listening to since they have participated in college-level courses.The most important aspect of these samples is that they clearly tell you that the students who provided them did not receive a college credit for them. This is true even if they get a 'D' or an 'F' grade for the assignment in question.That's the reason that they are called 'common app' essays, because they are used by a lot of students in higher education, and not just by students at the Ivy League institutions. There are also a number of essays that appear to be common, but which are not really.

My Job As A Graduate Assistant - 1599 Words

Since moving to Cincinnati, my job as a graduate assistant has exposed me to many things about this city that never crossed my mind prior to living here. My work has made the transition easier in many regards, and I feel a connection to this city now that makes me more excited for my future career in social work. One agency that we work closely with is UpSpring (www.upspring.org), which primarily serves the educational needs of children experiencing homelessness in several different manners. Before working with this organization, the topic of homeless children was relatively foreign to me, and I was quite surprised to learn that the average person experiencing homelessness in the United States is 9-years old (UpSpring, 2015). Like many†¦show more content†¦The second article that addresses children experiencing homelessness focuses more directly on school outcomes. Canfield et al. (2016) found that transience exacerbates school absences, which negatively impacts many other a cademic outcomes. These students are nine times more likely to be truant, which can place their parents at a risk for legal action, and only 25% of this population graduate from high school (Canfield et al., 2016). Negative outcomes are likely impacted by unplanned mobility between schools, as families experiencing homelessness sometimes move between residences quickly and without much warning. Academic achievement suffers within this population, as studies have shown these students to behind their housed peers particularly in reading, spelling, and math (Canfield et al., 2016). Both studies have found little consistency in the literature pertaining to homeless children. Though most agree that homelessness is related to poor outcomes, it is difficult to discern from the research whether homelessness has a bigger effect than chronic poverty on school achievement and attendance (Buckner, 2008; Canfield et al., 2016). This could be because of similarities in living conditions, stress, and experiences, but researchers agree that there needs to be some degree of intervention to mitigate these outcomes (Buckner, 2008; Canfield et al., 2016). The McKinney-Vento Act (MVA) seeks to level the playing field betweenShow MoreRelatedEvaluation Of The Program Costs1201 Words   |  5 PagesOverview of Program Costs According to BYU’s website regarding the MSW program, it states that â€Å"our program takes 20 months of full-time study to complete. You will pay tuition five times.† With a tuition of $3,250 a semester for graduate students at BYU, I will need to pay a total of $16,250 of tuition. 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How Do Women With Histories Of Miscarriage - 1043 Words

Qualitative: How do women with histories of miscarriage view the use of supplemental progesterone in early pregnancy? To properly evaluate this qualitative research question there are a few things that I would like to do before I began this study on a large scale. First, this study is based on the assumption that while the use supplemental progesterone in early pregnancy has not proven to be statistically significant in the prevention of miscarriage; benefits have been shown to its use. I would want to perform a meta-analysis of the data to ensure that the efforts of this study are not misguided using this assumption. According to Haidich (2010), a â€Å"meta-analysis is a quantitative, formal, epidemiological study design used to systematically assess previous research studies to derive conclusions about that body of research.† Secondly, there are very few studies that investigate this question. Thus, I feel that it would be important to run a pilot study first to plan the design for this study thoroughly. This is a study that will be based on education and the relationships built with physicians. The strategy needs to be well planned. Practical Research: Planning and Design (2016), pp. 271-272 1. What is the current status of knowledge pertaining to the question? After a literature search, I discovered that there is very little information about this question. 2. Why is the study important? With the controversial findings of supplemental progesterone use in earlyShow MoreRelatedPreventing Still Births and Miscarriages Essay1419 Words   |  6 PagesMany women have a time in their life where they have a pregnancy loss whether it’s an abortion, miscarriage, or stillborn. A lot of mothers go into depression when the loss of their baby is out of their control such as miscarriages and still born. 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Case Study of Shaun and Craig-Free-Samples-Myassignmenthelp.com

Quetions: 1.Does a partnership between Shaun and Craig exist? In the A- Analysis/Application part of your answer, make arguments both for and against the existence of a partnership. 2.Can Craig leave the partnership in the way he did? 3.Is Craig entitled to the fees from the extra lessons he had been doing? 4.Are the music instruments and equipment partnership property? 5.Who is liable to pay the outstanding rent and electricity? 6.If Ronnie successfully sues3 Shaun and Craig, who is liable to pay that amount of money? Answers: 1.Issue The issue is whether a partnership is exists between Shaun and Craig? Rules The partnership will only establish when there is an intention to carrying a business between two or more than two persons. In the cases of Green v Beesley (1835) and Smith v Anderson (1880) it has been found that a partnership has been exist when two persons or more than two persons has together contributed in a business jointly for the a limited time and make a contract for running a business. The section 9, 10 11 of the Partnership Act 1963 of Australia has been defined the relations of partners where they must bound to their common business and must act behalf of the partners and the rights of the partner to use the credit of firms for the private purposes in the limited partnership. In the partnership there should be a legal entity for creating such partnership (Coffee Jr, Sale and Henderson 2015). Application The basic elements of the partnership are: A valid agreement should be form between the partners. The partners should have intention to carry a business in common intention where a single or isolated transaction could be carried. When the partners are carrying a business therefore they will carry a common business where they have mutual rights, agency, interest and other obligation related to the partnership business. There should be the legal intention to carry the business. According to the case facts Shaun and Craig both has a common intention to carry a legal music business with common and mutual rights. They have started the business with an Australian Business Number (ABN) and registered the following business name: NetMuso. They have also registered the following domain name: www.netmuso.com. Conclusion Therefore a partnership exists between Shaun and Craig. 2.Issue The issue is whether Craig can leave the partnership in the way he did? Rules When a partnership has been formed the partners holds the common and mutual rights and they have several potential liabilities towards their business. The section 9 of the Partnership Act 1963 has stated the relations of partners where they must bound to their common business or the firm. The sec 13 of the Partnership Act 1963 has legislates the liability of partners. When the partners carrying a business under a name and business registration they holds the liabilities of the partnership (Iacobucci and Trebilcock 2013). Application The liability of a partner is defines the duties and obligations towards the business and the other partners. The sec- 9 has already defines the liabilities of the partners towards the business each of the partners hold a separate responsibilities towards the business with legally and financially for every actions towards the other partners and the business also (Owen 2014). According to the case facts Shaun and Craig has jointly started their music business with an Australian Business Number and registration. Therefore both of them not terminate the partnership until and unless other partners has involved in any negligence or criminal activities with the other partners and the business also. Both of Shaun and Craig has a joint bank account therefore when the business has faced any legal obligation then both of the partners should face such issues but they cannot dissolute the partnership. Conclusion Therefore Craig cannot leave the partnership when they are facing the legal obligation. Shaun can take legal actions against him for falsely dissolution of the partnership (Iacobucci and Trebilcock 2013). 3.Issue The issue is whether Craig is entitled to the fees from the extra lessons he had been doing? Rules According to the section 34 of the partnership act legislated where it is the duty of the partners to give accounts towards the other partners. It is the rights of the partners that they must have the accountability for the private profits. The section 35 has defined the duty of partners not to compete with the firm. Therefore if a partner of the firm has making their own profit by using the name of the firm for own benefits then it will be illegal in the partnership business. Application According to the case study, Craig had been doing a number of extra lessons outside of the studio. If he is using the name of the partnership business for the personal profit purposes then it will be completely illegal and unfair according to the partnership business. Craig kept the fees from those lessons to himself. Therefore he is using the business name for his own personal benefits. If Craig did extra lesson outside of the studio without using the name of their partnership business then it will not make any disturbance. However according to the liability in the partnership acts Craig has breach the section 34 and 35 of the Partnership Act. He has been using the business name for getting his personal benefits where he is not sharing such fees which is against of the partnership (Coffee Jr, Sale and Henderson 2015). Conclusion Therefore it can be concluded that Craig has no right to do extra lesson by using the partnership business where he is taking fees for himself which is illegal to the therms of the partnership. 4.Issue The issue is whether the music instruments and equipment are the partnership property or not? Rules The section 26 of the Partnership Act 1963 has stated the property bought with money of the firm which has describes that the properties or assets which has been bought with the money which belongs to the firm unless and until the contrary intention has been appears which has been bought on account of the firm (Owen 2014). Application According to the case facts Shaun has made the lease agreement for their business pay the advanced rental bond of $20,000 which he has been borrowed from his father while Craig has moved his collection of music instruments and equipment which has monetary value of $25,000 to their business place. Though they are in partnership business the music instruments and equipment has owned by Craig and not bought from the account of the business. Therefore though they are in the partnership the music instruments and equipment are not the property of the partnership business (Iacobucci and Trebilcock 2013). In a partnership business equipments are required. It can be owned by the partners of the business from the joint account of the partners. When the properties have been brought by the account of the partnership account then it will be held in the name of the partnership business not the partners individually. But if the properties have been owned by any partner it never belongs to the partnership business though it is using in the business. Therefore according to the case study, Craig has owned the music instruments and equipment. Conclusion According to the case facts the music instruments and equipment are not the partnership property as those are owned by Craig. 5.Issue The issue is who is liable to pay the outstanding rent and electricity Shaun or Craig? Rules In a partnership both the partners hold the duties pay every debt related to the partnership business. When a partnership form it holds the basic element of the partnership which is when the partners are carrying a business therefore they are carrying a common business where they have mutual rights, agency, interest and other obligation related to the partnership business. The sec-13 of the Partnership Act has defined the liabilities of the partners in the partnership business (Owen 2014). In the case of Broadcasters Ltd v Ashtons Nominees Pty Ltd (1979) it has been found that the in a joint venture of partnership the partners will use the profit and share every losses and use the profits for the maintenance of the partnership business. The partners are bound to pay every debts jointly which are related to the partnership business (Coffee Jr, Sale and Henderson 2015). Application According to the fact of the case, Shaun make the lease agreement with the owner of the property but as he is running a partnership business with Craig therefore it s the liability of the both partners to pay every debts which are related with the business. When a business has been formed on the terms of the partnership then it the liability of the both partners that they can share the profits and pay the losses. Therefore it is their obligations to pay every debts of the business. The partners will jointly pay the debts out of their earnings from the business (Iacobucci and Trebilcock 2013). Conclusion Therefore according to the case facts it can be concluded that Shaun and Craig both are liable to pay the outstanding rent and electricity which are related to their partnership business. 6.Issue The issue is who is liable to pay that amount of money Shaun or Craig if Ronnie successfully sues them? Rules According to the section of the Partnership Act has defined the liabilities of the partners in the partnership business where the partners hold the mutual duties and obligation regarding to their business. Therefore when the business face any legal obligation due to the negligence of one partner then all of the partners are liable for such acts as it has been held in the partnership business (Owen 2014). Application As per the case facts Ronnie who is a school aged student took lessons from Shaun. When he took bathroom break he fell in the bathroom which cause severe blow to the head and also broke his jaw. Now he has been undergo complicated surgery on his jaw and sued both Shaun and Craig for $12,000. Therefore as the partnership act though one partner is liable for such negligence which cause damage to the plaintiff but both of the partners are bound to pay such compensation as they are running a partnership business and the accident has been caused in the property of that business (Iacobucci and Trebilcock 2013). Conclusion Therefore according to the case study both Shaun and Craig are liable to pay the compensation amount to Ronnie for his damage. References Broadcasters Ltd v Ashtons Nominees Pty Ltd (1979) 22 SASR 552 Burnett, C., Taylor, C.J. and Wong, J., 2015. Qualification of Taxable Entities and Treaty Protection: National Report for Australia. Coffee Jr, J.C., Sale, H. and Henderson, M.T., 2015. Securities regulation: Cases and materials. Green v Beesley (1835) 2 Bing N C 108 at 112 Green, R., Berti, M. and Sutton, N., 2017. Higher Education in Management: The Case of Australia. In The Future of Management Education (pp. 117-137). Palgrave Macmillan UK. Iacobucci, E.M. and Trebilcock, M.J., 2013. An economic analysis of alternative business structures for the practice of law. Can. B. Rev., 92, p.57. Mann, R.A. and Roberts, B.S., 2015. Business law and the regulation of business. Nelson Education. Owen, S.L., 2014. Allocating Partnership Debt: If It Ain't Broke, Don't Fix It. J. Passthrough Entities, 17, p.71. Smith v Anderson (1880) 15 Ch D 247 at 27

The Application of Global Strategic Management model to Problems that Starbucks faces in Australia

Executive Summary This report will put in place an operational strategy for the turnaround of the Starbucks Australia segment after a widespread closure of stores. The report analyses the competitive environment of the company and come up with the possible solutions to the problems of Starbucks Australia.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on The Application of Global Strategic Management model to Problems that Starbucks faces in Australia specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The report will also address the long term survival strategy for the Starbucks Australia so as to meet it meet its global market leadership and great customer experience targets. All the proposed solutions in this report will be in line with overall global management strategy for Starbucks Corporation. Global Coffee Industry The global coffee industry has been experiencing crisis of low coffee prices and generally low profitability in the who le value chain. This has led to coffee farmers mostly small scale entrepreneurs in central and South America to incur losses yet they are supposed to be breaking-even. The evident lesser process of coffee were as a result of high supply of coffee in the market. With this excess supply, quality of the green coffee went down. This not only posed problems to the producers but also industry players including Starbucks Corporation which is a global leader. With cheap and low quality coffee in the market, competitors of Starbucks capitalized on this so that in the long run there were low sales on Starbucks stores. Several challenges also accompanied this internal coffee crisis; consumers felt that they had less significant benefits in the whole coffee value chain. This structural problem needed the whole industry players to put together an industry strategy to check on the glut and increased quantity of defective coffee in the market. Starbucks Growth strategies Starbucks being the worlds ’ premier roaster and retailer of coffee has had a long term strategy of being the global leader in the coffee industry. The company’s’ growth strategy has enabled the company to spread to over 50 countries as indicated in their 2009 financial report. The company has achieved this position as a global leader and respected coffee brands through their good business plan of the store level efficiency, being innovative in their products, strategic channels of distribution, great customer experience in the retail stores and building of strategic linkages through licensing of different stores and joint ventures.Advertising Looking for research paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Starbucks corporation actually appreciated the strategic management strategies for increasing the shareholders value though, like any other multinational it has experienced different challenges in several locati ons which in the past has even worsen to an extend of downsizing by closure of several stores both in the US and international markets including Australia. Downsizing in a corporation is a strategic move usually designed to add value to the shareholders in the long run but mostly viewed by the customers and the other industry players as failure of an institution. With the aggressive global expansion strategy and the concept of market blanketing, Starbucks was bound to meet different challenges as much as it gained in other geographical locations. Challenges facing Starbucks globally Global expansion on its owned posed challenges relating to the political and legal factors, economic trends in different states, competition from local firms, consumer preferences, technological challenges and social-cultural issues. Starbucks like any other commercial corporation also do have an overriding goal of adding stockholders value through remaining profitable. This brings the strategic decision making accuracy into focus. All strategic decisions are arrived at after a rigorous process of evaluation of internal and external environment with all strengths and weaknesses having been taken into consideration. The company strategy is mainly to take advantage of its strengths and be cautious on its weaknesses hence it usually draws a road map unto the company’s future position. Starbuck in their strategic endeavor of being a global leader in the roasted coffee market has faced lots of challenges especially in being compliant to different political and legal environments. This is a challenge which has been achieved through their concept of strategic alliances through joint ventures and licensing of various global distributors. The Starbucks concept of serving high quality coffee products has given the company the image of serving the economically stable members of the society. This means that with high quality at stake, the company will lock themselves out of mass market where all products are served. The economic abilities of different countries has made Starbucks to be limited by the economic situations in different locations since some in some countries like in developing nations spending $5 on a cup of coffee is impossible. This has limited their growth strategy.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on The Application of Global Strategic Management model to Problems that Starbucks faces in Australia specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Different social-cultural background globally has been a challenge Starbucks has been facing. Different cultures have their favorite foods and drinks this puts Starbucks coffee including their concept of great store experience face a challenge of irrelevance and resistance. Starbucks challenges in Australia Starbucks Australia is one of the leading global segments. The Australian Starbucks has experience lots of challenges which lead to a closure of several retails stores. An analysis of the cause of the closures revealed several challenges regarding the locations of the different stores, unprofitability and low demand among other reasons. The following are some of the critical challenges facing Starbucks Australia; Poor marketing The Starbucks Australia did not do a lot of commercials and expected to ride on their fame on the US markets consequently leaving this critical business responsibility. Selling the high quality aspect of their coffee could have been very easy but forgoing such important strategic responsibility was a failure on the segments management. Without aggressive marketing apart from the branding aspect, Starbucks just left the market to their competitors including Gloria coffee, Melbourne and Espresso. Also poor location of Starbucks stores contributed to their poor marking strategy. Most stores were located in non strategic areas with low number of potential customers. This is another factor which greatl y contributed to the unprofitability of this stores hence had to be closed. Employee Motivation Starbucks Corporation worldwide had been known to be one of the good employers but the Australian segment has issues with poor staff remunerations consequently experiencing a less motivated workforce. Maintaining a highly skilled human resource gives a competitive edge to an institution. With a scenario of having expatriates’ performing an initial local operational market penetration strategy without prior market experience in Australia while the local management is later employed with low pay, the company is bound to face lots staff turnover. Pricing policy The Starbucks pricing policy should have been restructured to suite Australian market. The Starbucks prices of the different coffee products were perceived too high and products were only purchased for leisure treat and not as a necessity drink. The pricing concept should have been made even very local backed up by an aggressiv e marketing.Advertising Looking for research paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Coffee products The Starbucks products were perceived as international and this gave the local market an illusion that the products were not theirs hence unnecessary. Starbucks though with a very nice corporate social responsibility did not build attachment with the local community. Rapid expansion With expansion as their corporate strategy Starbuck Australia should have had a localized approach which would have allowed for a market testing. It was not necessary for more than fifty stores to be closed yet the local management should have known that a particular number of stores could have been optimum for the Australian market. Uncontrolled expansion always can cause erosion of the shareholders funds which makes the overall objective of expansion a futile exercise. Recommended strategy for Australia The Starbucks Australia’s challenges are all strategic management problems with little business policy problems. Strategic managements entails decisions which are unstructured and affecting the going concern aspects of the business entity (Choo, 2002). It is the role of the top management to make decision after assessing their internal environment and also the external environment which is usually to some extent very unpredictable. According to Harley (2004) strategic management decisions for global corporations will always aim at maximizing the profitability consequently the shareholders value. These decisions will always include expansions and where necessary downsizing of operations. Starbucks Australia segment would scale up its operations again if proper marketing, strategic alliances, proper analysis of the industrial and general environment for the corporation is done Australia. The following proposed solutions based on porters’ competitive forces model would most likely work for Starbucks Australia. Marketing For the case of Starbucks Australia, it is a common fact that Starbucks marketing concept of blanketing a location did not work for the Australian segment showing that some unique Australian marketing is required. The blanketing marketing idea has been the key to market penetration by Starbuck especially in the US market but it is always good to appreciate that different environments require different solutions. For the Australian segment it will be a nice idea if Starbuck will give it a try to the concept of commercial advertising since most of its competitors have been doing the same. Australian awareness of the Starbucks products should be increased through a more effective promotion, advertising and marketing. Marketing through networking and customer experiences will only be supportive for the case of Australian segment unlike the US segment. Starbuck marketing should be as creative as ever, localizing its brand does not necessary mean losing the original brand concept. Even a localized packaging concept should be able to allow them a market penetration opportunity. Strategic Alliances Starbucks has been enteri ng into strategic alliances in other countries. For the case of Australia, it will be much strategic to do the same. There are a lot of local coffee stores and firms which Starbuck can make a joint venture offer or a takeover bid where necessary. This will make the competitors strategic partners of Starbucks. Trading under a locally registered wholly owned subsidiary for Starbuck not only can allow a local attachment and market but it also spreads the business risks for the corporation. With the culture of Australian having more attachments to their own cultures, foods and enterprises coupled with the human tendencies of ‘appreciating their own’, it will be necessary that Starbucks should have any form of strategic alliance with a local firm. Financial Aspects Most of Starbucks stores closed in Australia have not been able to break-even in the business showing that costs management might also have contributed to the loss making scenario. Starbucks Australia should also have a management change so as to align the financial management and cost control with the corporate Strategy of expansion. The financial management aspect will enable Starbucks Australia an opportunity to develop a product mix that will allow the company experience increased sales with a low cost production. Financial management Strategy is always underlying every corporate strategy hence for an efficient and successful project implementation, it necessary to ensure that the company’s financial management strategy and team is in place (Vernon, 2008). This team should have the relevant capacity and experience in the market segment where the project will be implemented. Industry environment This is the environment under which Starbucks Corporation operates globally and even locally in Australia. This environment will constitute; suppliers, competitors, substitute products and new entrants. Porters’ competitive forces model is founded on the view of the firm within its i ndustrial environment. Competitive forces faced by firms include; supplier bargaining power, customer bargaining power, substitute’s threats, and fresh entrants threats (Mellahi, 2000). Starbucks Australia has faces almost all of these competitive forces in their Australian market hence necessary actions are required to counter. With these forces resulting in the downsizing of Starbucks Australia’s Segment, the following remedial actions will be necessary; Bargaining power of suppliers Starbucks supply chain globally is well established and efficient. Failure to for a corporation like Starbuck to maintain on its quality standards and fair pricing of its coffee will allow competitors an upper hand in the market. Starbucks Australia should consider an option for local suppliers so as to reduce on their costs of importing from the US. It will be much cheaper if Starbucks can be strategic and negotiate with a local coffee supplier for branding in Australia. It should also used technology to build a value chain relationship with local suppliers. This will give an upper hand in the competition and can even play a role as a major distributor other than retailing after all its major objective is profitability. With the global presence of Starbuck, building proper linkages with supplier can in fact give them strategic advantage in the coffee business. Since the retail business has faced enough challenges, Starbuck should give it a try to compete at the distribution line, a higher level competition. Bargaining power of customers Customers are very critical for the success of any corporate business. They are the greatest test of products quality. With no grouping of customers to fight for their interest, they will only express themselves in terms of low and high demand (Slack, 2009). If the customers demand for a product is high it indicates high quality and a very fair price. For the low demand of Starbucks products the pricing and preferences qualities ha ve been the most contributing factors. Starbucks should therefore head the customers’ feedback and try to meet their needs hence they got no business being in the market. Substitutes and other products Substitute products in the Starbucks Australia segment posed a major threat to the Starbucks brand in Australia. Even though known to be an international brand with high quality, Starbucks products couldn’t compete effectively to beat Gloria and Melbourne coffee brand. It is now necessary that Starbucks if it still requires regaining the Australian market should engage in an innovative product differentiation exercise. It should be able to penetrate the market with wide ranging products in varying prices. This product mix should be able to cover the whole market clusters from the low income to the high end market. Substitutes of Starbucks products mainly tea and cocoa are not their main threat but their impact should only be checked through rigorous marketing and promoti ons. Competitors’ actions With the entrance of Starbucks in to the Australian market, its competitors definitely didn’t like it. The competition for customers has gone up and to some extend Starbucks is giving in some market share to its competitors. Starbucks has faced a serious price challenge where it has been perceived as dealing with overpriced products. Though this branding is relevant to the high end market usually other potential customers would be denied a chance to be part of the clientele. Starbucks should be able to practice price and product differentiation or develop innovative products to fit to the low end market. It is necessary that Starbucks should develop products that are low cost that are able to compete effectively in the local market. These products should have an image of being locally processed products and it should actually have an Australian concept in its processing. With the local sourcing of inputs and low cost local concept products by a local brand or firm, I do believe that Starbucks will successfully beat competition in Australia and definitely achieve its global expansion strategy With the firm grip on the worldwide industry, Starbucks should be able to be much profitable and competitors will not benefit from the economies of scale. The Gloria jean coffee, Espresso and local Melbourne coffee will be local and small scale but they are taking a share of the coffee market in Australia consequently Starbucks should be careful of their actions. Starbucks policy on great customer experience should be used in this market so as to retain customers. New entrants The coffee industry is very competitive and lucrative therefore new investors into the industry are bound to get in. Starbucks Australia needs to be maintaining their market share and profitability. In order for this threat to be countered, Starbucks should therefore maintain high level customer retention and high quality products. General Environment This is a n environment which is outside the industry. This will include the Political, population, social, global and economic environment. Starbuck Australia is affected by the Australian government corporate tax rates and other regulations but the major challenge of the institution has not been political. Starbucks Australia should take advantage of the high percentage of the young population since most coffee consumers are the youth. The demographic spread initially did not favor the initial locations of the Starbucks stores therefore various stores had to be closed due to low population in their customer catchment area. Population spread therefore is a necessary consideration in the location establishment of the Australian Starbucks stores. The social tie between the Starbucks products and the local community is a necessary. This is because the Australians perception of Starbucks as a foreign coffee brand should be curtailed so as to improve on their demand. The economic environment is o ne challenge that usually poses threat to demand of industrial products but for our case this challenge is not the cause of Starbucks Australia’s problems. Conclusion Starbucks Corporation Australia has downsized because of a wrong market penetration strategy coupled with operational inefficiencies. With a clear global corporate strategy of being the market leader, store level operational efficiency and great customer experience which could not work for Starbucks Australia. This calls for a more localized operational strategy which will include effective marketing and promotion plans, proper financial management strategy, product differentiation and necessary supply chain management. Global strategy needs leverage on cutting edge technology, compliance to the regulatory authorities and employee welfare among other issues so as to have successful execution. Starbucks Australia can turn around and this turn around need not be based on blanketing marketing strategy but a relevan t Australian segment operational strategy. References Choo, W., Bontis, N., 2002. The Strategic Management of Intellectual Capital And Organizational Knowledge. 1st ed. London: Oxford University Press. Harley, W., 2004. Global strategic management. 1st ed. Texas: Wiley. Mellahi, K., 2000. Strategic management: an introduction to business and corporate strategy. 2nd ed. New York: Pearson Education. Slack, N., 2009. Operations and process management: principles and practice for strategic impact. 2nd ed. California: Prentice Hall. Vernon, H., 2008. Global strategic management: the essentials. 2nd ed. Texas: Wiley. This research paper on The Application of Global Strategic Management model to Problems that Starbucks faces in Australia was written and submitted by user Haiden Y. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

DBQ bubonic plagues of the 14t essays

DBQ bubonic plagues of the 14t essays The plague that struck Europe in the late 14th century not only killed 25 million people, but also struck fear into hearts of families everywhere. This disease would push colonies into a harsh and limiting lifestyle. Classes though were affected in different ways. The higher class fled infected areas and left peasants and slaves to be feasted upon by the plague. Children died off, as others were held from schools by parents afraid of contracting the highly contagious disease. The people of the affected areas had no idea how the disease was formed, but there guesses were based upon filth in streets and animals. Today we know that their guesses werent far off. Rats that ran around towns were infested with fleas that carried the devastating plague. Coming in contact these filthy animals was common and what they didnt know, Contagious. After one contraction the plague spread threw towns and soon countries all over. The European trading nation in terror cut off all contact with Rome. All exportation had been terminated. This led to a severe decrease of manufactured goods and trade in general among nations. Everyone holding on to religion as one of their only forms of comfort took many hardships into play. To them the bubonic plagues meant three words: Death, Gold, and Gallows. The expense of gold came from the hired pest control, which would board families that carried the disease up in there homes leaving them to starve or die from infection. The word gallows stood for any person who violated the health regulations set. As the plague spread nurses became short leading to death in massive numbers. For everyone of the 15th to the 18th century the bubonic plague brought nothing but death. I believe that the phrase survival of the fittest must have come from this era where a plague devastated societies and took many lives. ...

Property & Law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Property & Law - Essay Example nstitutional arrangements by diminishing substantially the role played by the church (or religious institutions more broadly) in shaping human-to-human and human-to-nature interactions† (Norton & Bieri 4). As opposed to medieval scholars, the representatives of humanism studied not the God, but humans, their relations with other people, with the state and the society. Two main directions were developed in socio-political sciences. The first is theoretical justification of a necessity to replace feudal and class inequality with legal equality fixing the right for property ownership, personality protection from religious and feudal tyranny. The second was political ideology of the lower class, predecessor of working class, which was based on the ideas of Utopian socialism. The state submits to society, which in its turn submits to a personality. Only a part of the rights of a personality, which is defined by the attitude of a person to a property is transferred to e government: t he more property, the more political rights, but also the more obligations to the state, which is guarding this property. Failure to provide the abovementioned function makes the government illegal and provides the citizens with the right for opposition. The analysis of a problem of a personality, his/her valuable attitude towards the surrounding reality became the basic principle of scientific researches of this period. Renaissance was characterized by radical reorganization of socio-political and spiritual life. Political knowledge became an autonomous trend, political problems found comprehensive reflection in humanistic literature and caused shifts in the system of political and legal thinking. Integral rights of the personality, which can’t be transferred to the state, were also defined: the rights for life, freedom, equality, property ownership. By the right of property there are essential distinctions between the European and Anglo-American systems. The European system regulation

Chinese restaurant market and investing in the market with respect to Essay

Chinese restaurant market and investing in the market with respect to a fish and chip restaurant chain of UK - Essay Example Managerial tools like PESTEL and SWOT analysis are implemented initially for exploring the external environment of China along with the internal environment analysis of the firm. After that, the potential risks of entering the Chinese restaurant market are analyzed. Then in the analysis section detailed discussion of the competitors, cultural dimension, competitive advantages of the firm is executed. Recommendations in the short term, medium term as well as long term are also discussed. Contents Executive Summary......................................................................................................................2 Introduction ....................................................................................................................................4 Risk of entering China ....................................................................................................................................9 Analysis ............................................... .....................................................................................10 Conclusion ...................................................................................................................................15 Recommendations ....................................................................................................................................16 Reference ....................................................................................................................................19 Introduction International trade has intensified to mammoth levels with the advent of globalization and influx of free trade regime in the modern world. Different sectors of production are engaged in the global business with various goods and services and their exchange. The increasing scope of business corporations in the herald of the 21st century is involving much attention and this trend is defined as a stretch of human imagination (Okoro, 2012, p. 130).The co mpanies and organizations involved in diverse fields of production are expanding their business neglecting geographical barriers and expanding internationally for establishing robust reputation in the global business dimension and also operating in a rigorous manner taking advantage and proper use of environmental, economic, political, cultural factors and so on of these international territories. But successful expansion and proper functioning of business on a new international arena incorporates strategy implementation with dynamic foresight and policies that ensures sustainability and ethical functioning as well as hardcore business motives. Food sector is one of the pioneering domains in the global business forefront and many companies have established their business ventures in the international

High School vs College Essay Example for Free

High School vs College Essay College and high school share the same common goal, which is teaching students to learn; however, in reality there are many differences between college and high school. In fact college and high school are two different experiences in the life of students. For example many students at colleges and University’s live on that campus or establishment, for as people in high school do not. Most students who graduate high school and go off to college choose to be there, students who are enrolled in high school have to be there, if the students in high school didn’t attend they more than likely won’t be attending college. Attendance is one of the biggest changes from making the change from high school to college, in high school kids were penalized for missing/skipping class. However in college the professor wouldn’t care if you came or not. That is a big part in the transition from grade school to the collegiate level. Most teachers in high school assign busy work that doesn’t count on your final grade. For as college you get assignments that really count towards your grade. You will very seldom get assignments that do not count like reading some pages in a text book etc. t is nice and saves a lot of time for your social life. There is also a lot of relearning in college classes, and classes can be much larger than those of high school. High school you will probably get fifteen to twenty students in each of your classes, but far as college it varies in numerous numbers you can get to fifty students in one classroom. Many people may not believe me when I tell them college students are muc h more mature than those of the high school level. People of high school always have a principle, teacher, or substitute in their ear telling them what to do, and what not to do most of the time. College is more of yourself doing what you need to do to succeed that’s why college students are more mature and organized. Not saying that every high school student’s not, but for the majority college students over rule in that area. In college you can make out your own schedule instead of waking up early every morning at 8: am or whatever time your high school classes started. It’s a big difference between high school and college. In high school you are expected to read short assignments that are then discussed, and often re-taught, in class. Far as college you are assigned substantial amounts of reading and writing which may not be directly addressed in a college class. You may study outside class as little as 0 to 2 hours a week in a high school class, and this may be mostly last-minute test preparation. College courses you need to study at least 2 to 3 hours outside of class for each hour in class to be prepared for test quizzes and exams. The transition in high school teachers and professors are also a big difference. Teachers of the high school level present material to help you understand the material in the textbook, Professors may not follow the textbook. Instead, to amplify the text, they may give illustrations, provide background information, or discuss research about the topic you are studying. Or they may expect you to relate the classes to the textbook readings. The changes from high school to college vary in many ways some good, and some bad depending on the student.

The Scarlet Letter, By Nathaniel Hawthorne :: essays papers

The Scarlet Letter, By Nathaniel Hawthorne Nathaniel Hawthorne's background influenced him to write the bold novel The Scarlet Letter. One important influence on the story is money. Hawthorne had never made much money as an author and the birth of his first daughter added to the financial burden ("Biographical Note" VII). He received a job at the Salem Custom House only to lose it three years later and be forced to write again to support his family (IX). Consequently, The Scarlet Letter was published a year later (IX). It was only intended to be a long short story, but the extra money a novel would bring in was needed ("Introduction" XVI). Hawthorne then wrote an introduction section titled "The Custom House" to extend the length of the book and The Scarlet Letter became a full novel (XVI). In addition to financial worries, another influence on the story is Hawthorne's rejection of his ancestors. His forefathers were strict Puritans, and John Hathorne, his great-great-grandfather, was a judge presiding during the S! alem witch trials ("Biographical Note" VII). Hawthorne did not condone their acts and actually spent a great deal of his life renouncing the Puritans in general (VII). Similarly, The Scarlet Letter was a literal "soapbox" for Hawthorne to convey to the world that the majority of Puritans were strict and unfeeling. For example, before Hester emerges from the prison she is being scorned by a group of women who feel that she deserves a larger punishment than she actually receives. Instead of only being made to stand on the scaffold and wear the scarlet letter on her chest, they suggest that she have it branded on her forehead or even be put to death (Hawthorne 51). Perhaps the most important influence on the story is the author's interest in the "dark side" ("Introduction" VIII). Unlike the transcendentalists of the era, Hawthorne "confronted reality, rather than evading it" (VII). Likewise, The Scarlet Letter deals with adultery, a subject that caused much scandal when it w! as first published (XV). The book revolves around sin and punishment, a far outcry from writers of the time, such as Emerson and Thoreau, who dwelt on optimistic themes (VII). This background, together with a believable plot, convincing characterization, and important literary devices enables Nathaniel Hawthorne in The Scarlet Letter to the develop the theme of the heart as a prison. The scaffold scenes are the most substantial situations in the story because they unify The Scarlet Letter in two influential ways.

AirAsia-Sustaining Competitve Advantage Essay

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Moreover, the acquisition was welcomed by the Malaysian government, which hoped to boost the under-used Kuala Lumpur International Airport (â€Å"KLIA†). Fernandes restructured AirAsia into the first no-frills, low-cost carrier (â€Å"LCC†) in Asia, and the new business model was a huge success. The company is a Malaysian low-cost airline headquartered in Kuala Lumpur. It is Asia’s largest, and the world’s best, low-fare, no-frills airline and a pioneer of low-cost travel in Asia. AirAsia group operates scheduled domestic and international flights to 78 destinations spanning 25 countries. Its main hub is the Low-Cost Carrier Terminal (LCCT) at Kuala Lumpur International Airport (KLIA). Its affiliate airlines Thai AirAsia, Indonesia AirAsia, AirAsia Philippines and AirAsia Japan have hubs in Don Mueang International Airport, Soekarno–Hatta International Airport, Clark International Airport and Narita International Airport respectively. AirAsia’s registered office is in Petaling Jaya, Selangor while its head office is at Kuala Lumpur International Airport. Asia’s leading airline was established with the dream of making flying possible for everyone. Since 2001, AirAsia has swiftly broken travel norms around the globe and has risen to become the world’s best. With a route network that spans through to over 20 countries, AirAsia continues to pave the way for low-cost aviation through their innovative solutions, efficient processes and a passionate approach to business. Together with their associate companies, AirAsia X, Thai AirAsia, Indonesia AirAsia, Philippines’ AirAsia Inc and AirAsia Japan , AirAsia is set to take low-cost flying to an all new high with our belief, â€Å"Now Everyone Can Fly†. Focusing on the low-cost, long-haul segment – AirAsia X was established in 2007 to provide high-frequency and point-to-point networks to the long-haul business. AirAsia X’s cost efficiencies are derived from maintaining a simple aircraft fleet and a route network based on low-cost airports, without complex code-sharing and other legacy overheads that weigh down traditional airlines without compromising on safety. Guests continue to enjoy low fares, through cost savings that they pass on to their guests. AirAsia X’s efficient and reliable operations are fully licensed and monitored by Malaysian and international regulators, and adhere to full international standards. AirAsia X is committed in offering X-citing low fares, X-emplary levels of safety and care, and an X-traordinary in-flight and service experience to all our guests – spreading the amazing AirAsia experience to X-citing destinations in Australia and Greater Asia. In August 2011, AirAsia agreed to form an alliance with Malaysia Airlines by means of a share swap. The alliance was struck down by the Malaysian government, in effect voiding the agreement of both airlines. On 2 April 2012 Air Asia had their first flight from Sydney to Kuala Lumpur. By early 2013, AirAsia had seen a steep increase in its profitability. The year-on-year comparison had shown a 168% increase in profits as compared to 2012. For the quarter ending 31 December 2012, the airline’s net profit stood at 350. 65 million ringgit (US$114. 08 million). Despite a 1% rise in the average fuel price, the airline had recorded profits of 1. 88 billion ringgit for the full financial year 2012. In February 2013, AirAsia submitted an application to the Indian Foreign Investment Promotion Board, through its investment arm, AirAsia Investment Limited, to seek approval for commencing its operations in India. AirAsia wanted to take up a stake of 49% in the airline, which was the maximum allowed by the Indian government at that time. AirAsia initially invested an amount of 50 million United States dollars in the airline. The airline wished to begin operations from Chennai and expand it’s network in South India, to where AirAsia already operated flights from Malaysia and Thailand. AirAsia’s Strategy [pic] AirAsia’s success has taken flight through the continued confidence of the company’s guests who prefer a no-frills, hasslefree, low fare and convenient option in air travel. The key to delivering low fares is to consistently keep cost low. Attaining low cost requires high efficiency in every part of the business and maintaining simplicity. Therefore every system process must incorporate best industry practices. In order to make this possible, AirAsia do implementing several key strategies. First is stressing on Safety. Safety is the single most important criteria in every aspect of the operations, an area that AirAsia will never compromise on. AirAsia complies with the conditions set by regulators in all the countries where the airline operates. In addition, AirAsia partners with the world’s most renowned maintenance providers to ensure that its fleet is always in the best condition. AirAsia has committed itself to a program of reducing risks and hazards normally associated with our industry through a Safety Management System. This commitment is extended to ensure the full integration of a safety culture, safety policy and safety objectives in a proactive approach to aviation safety. In short, AirAsia’s Safety Management System is not just an add-on but a core part of its business process. It is the way the company’s do business. The critical safety functions of senior management are in the areas of strategy and leadership. Senior management will provide a vision for safety management and provide adequate resources to achieve this level of safety. Second is ensuring high aircraft utilization. AirAsia’s high frequency flights have made it more convenient for guests to travel as the airline implements a quick turnaround of 25 minutes, which is the fastest in the region. This has resulted in high aircraft utilisation, lower costs and greater airline and staff productivity. Efficient Fleet, AirAsia continues to invest in new aircraft. As of the end of 2008, the Group received a total of 56 Airbus A320 aircraft and the deployment is as follows. Malaysian operations has received 46 and is now a fully Airbus A320 aircraft feet. Thailand operations has received six and Indonesian operation, four. AirAisa’s fleet is among the youngest in Asia and they will get even younger as they take delivery of 14 Airbus A320 aircraft and retire nine older Boeing 737-300 â€Å"Classics† aircraft in 2009. These Airbus A320 are ultra modern, more fuel efficient and environmentally friendly aircraft with unparalleled levels of passenger comfort, serviceability and reliability. They have received positive feedback that that passengers love this aircraft. These aircraft have reduced operational cost significantly and helped to deliver strong profits. Third is offering low fare but no frills. AirAsia targets guests who are prepared to do away with frills such as meals, frequent flyer miles or airport lounges in exchange for fares lower than those currently offered without comprising on quality and service. Guests have the choice of buying exclusively prepared meals, snacks and drinks from their in-flight service at an affordable price. While onboard AirAsia the best thing to do, of course, is to eat and drink. They are offering a vast selection of food and drinks without punching a hole in your wallet. Fourth is ensuring streamline operations. Making the process as simple as possible is the key to AirAsia’s success. The company is working towards a single aircraft fleet, which greatly reduces duplicating manpower requirements as well as stocking of maintenance parts. There is only one class seating, which is first class, and passengers are free to sit where they choose. Fifth is ensuring lean distribution system. AirAsia offers a wide and innovative range of distribution channels to make booking and traveling easier for its guests. AirAsia’s ticketless service provides a low cost alternative to issuing printed tickets. The company have worked very hard through countless hours of research and development to ensure that their istribution system is, simple. ‘Simple’ is a relative word when you are catering to the needs of millions of people across the world. AirAsia have developed a comprehensive, yet simple distribution system. One that is capable of handling the most technologically savvy customer to the most technologically deprived. The company’s website www. airasia. com is available in seven languages and their call centre is conversant in the major spoken Asian languages. For those always on the go, they can book a flight using mobile phone at www. mobile. airasia. com. The company have recently upgraded their self check-in machines with a simpler and more powerful version. The transaction takes not more than two minutes to complete. This new machine also has an advanced security feature which effectively cuts the risk of fraud. Other than that, the company have also expanded their web check-in facility to all stations and destinations. Customer can now use the web check-in facility even if they have baggage (previously web check-in was only for passengers without baggage). Sixth is point to point network. The Low Cost Carrier model shuns the hub-and spoke system and adopts the simple point to-point network. All AirAsia flights are shorthaul (four hour flight or less). The underlying business is to get a person from point A to B. On Time Performance, nothing irks airline passengers more than a delay. Often, these delays are caused by factors beyond the company’s control. This leading low fare airline in the Asia has been expanding rapidly since 2001, to become an award winning and the largest low cost carrier in Asia. With a fleet of 72 aircrafts, AirAsia flies to over 61 domestic and international destinations with 108 routes, and operates over 400 flights daily from hubs located in Malaysia, Thailand and Indonesia. To date, AirAsia has flown over 55 million guests across the region and continues to spread its wings to create more extensive route network through its associate companies, Thai AirAsia and Indonesia AirAsia. AirAsia with the ordinary symbol but with strong brand, â€Å"now everyone can fly† nowadays has been phenomena in Airlines industry especially in Asia region. AirAsia is one of the airline companies who more focused with the strategy how to reduce inefficiency and make it low possible fare in the world. With the cost-efficiency, low complexity and profitability are always the cornerstones of building a strong business. According to Dawna and Blaise (2005), the most successful carriers came to dominate their hub markets allowing them to exert greater control over pricing and capacity. This is what AirAisa successfully done. Till date, AirAsia had received many awards and recognition form various parties. The achievement was not only given to the company itself, but also to Ybhg. Dato’ Tony Fernandez as well. In 2010, he was awarded as Masterclass Global CEO of the year. (See Appendices).

Two-Way Prepositions Part 3

Believe it or not, two German accusative/dative prepositions make yet another distinction that English does not! The common prepositions  an  and  auf  can both mean on or at but they differ in how they are applied to surfaces. If an object is on or near a vertical surface (a wall, a chalkboard, etc.), then usually the prepositionan  is used. If a horizontal surface (a tabletop, a floor, etc.) is involved, then  auf  is used to express on or at. Look at the illustrations below... Horizontal and Vertical ON or ATAN  (vertical) and  AUF  (horizontal) AN  Ã‚  VERTICAL -  SENKRECHT  Ã‚  die Wand  Ã¢â‚¬ ¢ the wall​​ An  object  approachinga vertical surface.The accus. phrase an die Wandanswers the question  wohin? An  object  on or atthe wall.  (vertical surface)The dative phrase an der Wandanswers the question  wo?    AUF  Ã‚  HORIZONTAL -  WAAGERECHT  Ã‚  der Tisch  Ã¢â‚¬ ¢ the table​ An  object  approachinga horizontal surface.The accus. phrase auf den Tischanswers the question  wohin? An  object  onthe table.  (horizontal surface)The dative phrase auf dem Tischanswers the question  wo? Now, if youve been paying attention, can you say what the dative prepositional phrase  an dem Tisch  or  am Tisch  means? Unlike  auf dem Tisch,  an dem Tisch  means at or next to the table. If you are sitting at the table, you are  am Tisch. If you are sitting on top of the table, you are  auf dem Tisch! German is being very consistent here. If you are talking about your location in relation to the vertical part of the table (the legs, etc.), then you use  an. If youre talking about your location in relation to the horizontal top of the table, then you use  auf. This logic also applies to expressions like  an der Donau  (on the Danube). The use of  an  refers to being on the edge of the river. If were actually on the Danube (in a boat), then were  auf der Donau. More Examples  (A accus., D dative)Here are some examples of the uses of  an  and  auf: wo?  an der Ecke  D - on/at the cornerwohin?  an die Ecke  A - to the cornerwo?  an der Grenze  D - on/at the borderwohin?  an die Grenze  A - to the borderwo?  am Rhein  D - on the Rhinewohin?  an den Rhein  A - to the Rhinewo?  auf dem Dach  D - on the roofwohin?  auf das Dach  A - onto the roof Idiomatic ExpressionsBesides their normal uses,  an  and  auf  are also used in many idiomatic expressions and verbal phrases. Here are some examples: auf der Bank  - at the bankjemandem auf der Tasche liegen  - to live off of someoneauf der Straße liegen  A - to be down and outjemanden an der Nase herumfà ¼hren  - to lead someone around by the nose, take them for a foolworan liegt das?  - whats the reason for that? Most of the other two-way prepositions are used in idiomatic expressions as well. Related Links The Four German CasesA guide to the four German cases: Accusative, Dative, Genitive and Nominative. Includes cases and the  two-way  prepositions. A guide to the many ways to say by in German. Prepositional PitfallsPotential problems and how to avoid them.